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Association between chronic prostatitis and the subsequent benign prostatic hyperplasia: a population-based national cohort study

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Abstract

Purpose

To explore the association between chronic prostatitis (CP) and the subsequent development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods

Data analyzed were medical claims of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance program. From 2010 to 2017, 3571 patients ≧20 years with CP diagnosed by certified urologists were enrolled. Patients with past BPH diagnosis and diagnosis of prostate cancer, inguinal hernia, interstitial cystitis, and urethritis in the past and within one year after the first CP diagnosis were excluded. Age-matched controls were randomly selected from all non-CP individuals of the same exclusion criteria in the study period with a CP/non-CP ratio of 1:4. The follow-up was made from the first CP diagnosis to death or the end of 2018. The endpoint was the newly diagnosed BPH. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of BPH in association with CP.

Results

Over a maximum of 8 years of follow-up, 287 (8.03%) and 258 (0.43%) BPH events were noted for the CP and non-CP group, respectively, representing a covariate adjusted HR (aHR) of 4.30 (95% CI, 3.61–5.13). Younger patients tended to suffer from higher aHRs, especially those aged 20–39 years (aHR: 11.45, 95% CI, 5.12–25.64).

Conclusion

The Taiwan national health database indicated that CP patients had a significantly higher risk of developing BPH later than non-CP patients. Interestingly, the younger the CP is diagnosed (under 40), the greater the risk.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Ms. Chih-Hui Hsu for providing the statistical consulting services from the Biostatistics Consulting Center, Clinical Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital.

Funding

No funding was received for conducting this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan

    Tsung-Yen Lin, I-Hung Chen & Yu-Chiao Lin

  2. Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    Tsung-Yen Lin, Han-Yu Weng, Chien-Hui Ou & Yu-Sheng Cheng

  3. Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    Chung-Yi Li

  4. Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Chung-Yi Li

  5. Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Chung-Yi Li

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Contributions

TYL: protocol/project development, data collection or management, data analysis, manuscript writing/editing. IHC: data collection or management, manuscript writing/editing. HYW: data collection or management, manuscript writing/editing. YCL: data collection or management, manuscript writing/editing. CHO: data collection or management, manuscript writing/editing. CYL: Protocol/project development, manuscript writing/editing. YSC: protocol/project development, data collection, manuscript writing/editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yu-Sheng Cheng.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan (Date 2019.11.28/No. B-ER-108-346).

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Lin, TY., Chen, IH., Weng, HY. et al. Association between chronic prostatitis and the subsequent benign prostatic hyperplasia: a population-based national cohort study. World J Urol 42, 126 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-024-04820-w

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