The incredible human immune system. Search & Destroy!
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How immune cell chases bacteria and eliminates them. Here's a simplified overview: Detection: Immune cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, detect the presence of bacteria through various mechanisms, including the recognition of specific molecular patterns on the bacterial surface. Chemotaxis: Once the presence of bacteria is detected, immune cells move toward the site of infection through a process called chemotaxis. Chemical signals released by the bacteria attract immune cells to the location. Adhesion: Immune cells adhere to the surface of the bacteria, facilitated by interactions between receptors on the immune cell and molecules on the bacterial surface. Phagocytosis: The immune cell engulfs the bacterium through a process called phagocytosis. The bacterium is enclosed within a membrane-bound vesicle called a phagosome. Formation of Phagolysosome: The phagosome fuses with lysosomes, which contain enzymes and other substances that can destroy the engulfed bacterium. This fusion forms a phagolysosome. Destruction and Digestion: Enzymes within the phagolysosome break down the bacterial components, neutralizing and digesting them. Reactive oxygen species may also contribute to bacterial destruction. Antigen Presentation: Fragments of the bacterial components, known as antigens, are presented on the surface of the immune cell. This presentation helps activate other immune cells, such as T lymphocytes. Activation of Adaptive Immune Response: Antigen-presenting cells activate specific T cells, initiating an adaptive immune response that enhances the overall immune defense against the specific bacterial threat. Follow me Diella Uka for more. #health #medicine #biology