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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, January 4, 2022	USDL-22-0001
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			      JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2021

The number of job openings decreased to 10.6 million on the last business day of November, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires were little changed at 6.7 million and total separations 
increased to 6.3 million. Within separations, the quits rate increased to 3.0 percent, matching a series 
high last seen in September. The layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged at 0.9 percent. This release 
includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm 
sector, by industry, by four geographic regions, and by establishment size class. 
   
Job Openings

On the last business day of November, the number and rate of job openings decreased to 10.6 million
(-529,000) and 6.6 percent, respectively. Job openings decreased in several industries with the largest 
decreases in accommodation and food services (-261,000); construction (-110,000); and nondurable 
goods manufacturing (-66,000). Job openings increased in finance and insurance (+83,000) and in 
federal government (+25,000). The number of job openings decreased in the South and Midwest 
regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

In November, the number and rate of hires were little changed at 6.7 million and 4.5 percent, 
respectively. Hires were little changed in all industries and in all four regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In November, the number of total separations increased to 6.3 million (+382,000). The total separations 
rate was little changed at 4.2 percent. Total separations increased in accommodation and food services 
(+130,000) but decreased in federal government (-9,000). Total separations were little changed in all 
four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits increased in November to a series high 4.5 million (+370,000). The quits rate 
increased to 3.0 percent, matching the series high in September. Quits increased in several industries 
with the largest increases in accommodation and food services (+159,000); health care and social 
assistance (+52,000); and transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+33,000). The number of quits 
increased in the Northeast, South, and Midwest regions. (See table 4.)

In November, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges decreased in federal government
(-4,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in November at 377,000. The number of other 
separations decreased in real estate and rental and leasing (-5,000) and in federal government (-3,000). 
Other separations increased in the Northeast region. (See table 6.) 

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising.

Over the 12 months ending in November 2021, hires totaled 74.5 million and separations totaled 68.7 
million, yielding a net employment gain of 5.9 million. These totals include workers who may have been 
hired and separated more than once during the year.

Establishment Size Class

In November, the job openings rate decreased in small establishments with 10-49 employees. The hires 
rate increased in large establishments with 5,000 or more employees. The quits rate increased in small 
establishments with 1-9 employees and in large establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. Both the 
layoffs and discharges rate and the total separations rate increased in large establishments with 1,000 to 
4,999 employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class estimates, 
please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for December 2021 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, February 1, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|				 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact					|
|			       Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey Data				|
|													|
|More information about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the JOLTS survey, including 		|
|information about the JOLTS estimation methodology, is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-	|
|covid-19-pandemic-on-job-openings-and-labor-turnover-data.htm						|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

6,766 11,091 10,562 6,019 6,506 6,697 5,744 5,891 6,273

Total private

6,078 10,173 9,601 5,649 6,140 6,305 5,305 5,538 5,926

Mining and logging

16 36 36 25 23 22 20 22 21

Construction

261 455 345 389 375 423 362 340 403

Manufacturing

514 955 858 405 482 472 367 420 420

Durable goods

250 552 522 230 270 270 206 232 244

Nondurable goods

263 402 336 176 212 202 161 188 176

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,204 1,972 1,955 1,285 1,384 1,423 1,123 1,257 1,320

Wholesale trade

175 339 322 150 171 180 143 158 172

Retail trade

720 1,057 1,044 713 875 891 735 866 882

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

310 576 589 421 338 352 245 233 266

Information

98 173 163 81 126 106 79 101 95

Financial activities

287 450 538 217 207 237 199 187 224

Finance and insurance

216 324 407 143 129 159 133 117 150

Real estate and rental and leasing

70 126 131 73 78 78 66 70 74

Professional and business services

1,261 1,871 1,801 1,220 1,237 1,282 1,123 1,120 1,168

Education and health services

1,335 2,043 1,970 725 801 815 690 783 836

Educational services

101 174 168 90 104 97 89 88 90

Health care and social assistance

1,234 1,869 1,802 635 697 718 600 694 746

Leisure and hospitality

859 1,750 1,482 1,097 1,241 1,260 1,134 1,067 1,206

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

110 178 172 138 166 181 102 149 158

Accommodation and food services

749 1,571 1,310 959 1,075 1,079 1,032 918 1,048

Other services

243 469 451 206 264 264 209 241 233

Government

688 918 962 370 366 392 439 353 347

Federal

103 137 162 68 44 50 134 48 39

State and local

584 781 800 302 321 342 305 305 308

State and local education

207 303 320 140 164 182 150 145 144

State and local, excluding education

377 477 480 163 157 160 155 160 164




RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

4.5 7.0 6.6 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.2

Total private

4.8 7.4 7.0 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.7

Mining and logging

2.7 5.2 5.3 4.2 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.3

Construction

3.4 5.7 4.4 5.3 5.0 5.6 4.9 4.5 5.4

Manufacturing

4.0 7.1 6.4 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.0 3.4 3.3

Durable goods

3.2 6.6 6.3 3.0 3.5 3.5 2.7 3.0 3.1

Nondurable goods

5.4 7.8 6.6 3.8 4.5 4.3 3.5 4.0 3.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

4.3 6.6 6.6 4.8 5.0 5.1 4.2 4.5 4.8

Wholesale trade

3.0 5.6 5.3 2.7 3.0 3.1 2.5 2.7 3.0

Retail trade

4.5 6.4 6.3 4.7 5.7 5.8 4.9 5.6 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

4.7 8.1 8.2 6.7 5.2 5.4 3.9 3.6 4.1

Information

3.6 5.8 5.5 3.1 4.5 3.8 3.0 3.6 3.4

Financial activities

3.2 4.8 5.7 2.5 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.1 2.5

Finance and insurance

3.2 4.7 5.8 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.0 1.8 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

3.1 5.1 5.3 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.2

Professional and business services

5.8 8.1 7.8 6.0 5.8 6.0 5.5 5.3 5.5

Education and health services

5.4 7.9 7.7 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.0 3.3 3.5

Educational services

2.9 4.6 4.4 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

5.8 8.5 8.2 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.0 3.4 3.7

Leisure and hospitality

5.9 10.1 8.7 8.1 8.0 8.1 8.3 6.9 7.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

5.7 7.4 7.2 7.6 7.5 8.1 5.6 6.7 7.1

Accommodation and food services

6.0 10.5 8.9 8.1 8.1 8.1 8.7 6.9 7.8

Other services

4.2 7.5 7.2 3.8 4.6 4.6 3.8 4.2 4.0

Government

3.1 4.0 4.2 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.6

Federal

3.5 4.6 5.3 2.4 1.5 1.7 4.6 1.7 1.4

State and local

3.0 3.9 4.0 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education

2.1 2.9 3.1 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education

4.0 5.0 5.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, 
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in 
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working.

Job Openings.  Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires.  Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations.  Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The 
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance 
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates 
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the 
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

Birth/death model.  The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business, 
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early 
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous 
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the 
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment.  The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.

Seasonal adjustment.  BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment 
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up 
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus 
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates.  The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment 
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The 
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment 
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS 
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are 
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual 
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the 
last business day of each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample 
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of 
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons 
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

6,766 11,098 10,629 10,602 11,091 10,562 4.5 7.0 6.7 6.7 7.0 6.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,078 10,044 9,775 9,614 10,173 9,601 4.8 7.4 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.0

Mining and logging

16 40 38 37 36 36 2.7 6.0 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.3

Construction

261 347 358 354 455 345 3.4 4.5 4.6 4.5 5.7 4.4

Manufacturing

514 906 869 948 955 858 4.0 6.8 6.5 7.1 7.1 6.4

Durable goods

250 517 488 568 552 522 3.2 6.3 5.9 6.8 6.6 6.3

Nondurable goods

263 388 381 380 402 336 5.4 7.7 7.5 7.5 7.8 6.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,204 1,893 2,035 2,020 1,972 1,955 4.3 6.5 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.6

Wholesale trade

175 261 269 319 339 322 3.0 4.4 4.5 5.3 5.6 5.3

Retail trade

720 1,133 1,196 1,073 1,057 1,044 4.5 6.9 7.2 6.5 6.4 6.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

310 500 570 629 576 589 4.7 7.3 8.2 8.9 8.1 8.2

Information

98 160 179 155 173 163 3.6 5.5 6.1 5.3 5.8 5.5

Financial activities

287 529 474 438 450 538 3.2 5.7 5.1 4.7 4.8 5.7

Finance and insurance

216 344 288 322 324 407 3.2 5.0 4.2 4.7 4.7 5.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

70 185 186 115 126 131 3.1 7.5 7.5 4.7 5.1 5.3

Professional and business services

1,261 1,838 1,869 1,784 1,871 1,801 5.8 8.1 8.2 7.8 8.1 7.8

Education and health services

1,335 1,960 1,782 1,940 2,043 1,970 5.4 7.7 7.0 7.6 7.9 7.7

Educational services

101 198 182 134 174 168 2.9 5.2 4.8 3.6 4.6 4.4

Health care and social assistance

1,234 1,762 1,600 1,806 1,869 1,802 5.8 8.1 7.4 8.2 8.5 8.2

Leisure and hospitality

859 1,910 1,683 1,530 1,750 1,482 5.9 11.2 9.9 9.1 10.1 8.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

110 238 224 186 178 172 5.7 10.2 9.5 7.8 7.4 7.2

Accommodation and food services

749 1,672 1,459 1,344 1,571 1,310 6.0 11.3 10.0 9.3 10.5 8.9

Other services

243 459 487 407 469 451 4.2 7.4 7.8 6.6 7.5 7.2

Government

688 1,055 853 988 918 962 3.1 4.6 3.7 4.3 4.0 4.2

Federal

103 120 135 136 137 162 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.6 5.3

State and local

584 934 718 852 781 800 3.0 4.6 3.6 4.3 3.9 4.0

State and local education

207 412 297 261 303 320 2.1 3.9 2.8 2.5 2.9 3.1

State and local, excluding education

377 523 421 591 477 480 4.0 5.5 4.5 6.2 5.0 5.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,166 2,030 1,833 1,806 1,839 1,892 4.3 7.0 6.4 6.3 6.4 6.5

South

2,623 4,203 4,134 4,051 4,198 3,950 4.8 7.2 7.1 6.9 7.2 6.8

Midwest

1,455 2,394 2,239 2,364 2,569 2,323 4.5 7.0 6.6 6.9 7.4 6.7

West

1,522 2,472 2,422 2,382 2,485 2,397 4.4 6.7 6.6 6.4 6.7 6.4

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

6,019 6,761 6,497 6,546 6,506 6,697 4.2 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,649 6,268 6,140 6,206 6,140 6,305 4.7 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0

Mining and logging

25 24 24 18 23 22 4.2 3.8 3.7 2.8 3.6 3.3

Construction

389 377 391 361 375 423 5.3 5.1 5.3 4.8 5.0 5.6

Manufacturing

405 477 476 483 482 472 3.3 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.8

Durable goods

230 261 260 264 270 270 3.0 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5

Nondurable goods

176 216 216 219 212 202 3.8 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,285 1,310 1,411 1,375 1,384 1,423 4.8 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1

Wholesale trade

150 183 194 179 171 180 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.1

Retail trade

713 857 932 896 875 891 4.7 5.6 6.1 5.8 5.7 5.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

421 271 284 301 338 352 6.7 4.3 4.4 4.7 5.2 5.4

Information

81 98 105 109 126 106 3.1 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.5 3.8

Financial activities

217 224 201 299 207 237 2.5 2.5 2.3 3.4 2.3 2.7

Finance and insurance

143 143 126 224 129 159 2.2 2.2 1.9 3.4 2.0 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

73 80 75 75 78 78 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.3

Professional and business services

1,220 1,258 1,200 1,230 1,237 1,282 6.0 6.0 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.0

Education and health services

725 783 815 808 801 815 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

Educational services

90 112 139 59 104 97 2.7 3.1 3.8 1.6 2.9 2.7

Health care and social assistance

635 671 676 749 697 718 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6

Leisure and hospitality

1,097 1,440 1,274 1,243 1,241 1,260 8.1 9.5 8.4 8.1 8.0 8.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

138 183 194 193 166 181 7.6 8.7 9.0 8.8 7.5 8.1

Accommodation and food services

959 1,258 1,080 1,050 1,075 1,079 8.1 9.6 8.2 8.0 8.1 8.1

Other services

206 277 245 279 264 264 3.8 4.8 4.3 4.9 4.6 4.6

Government

370 494 357 340 366 392 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.8

Federal

68 48 47 42 44 50 2.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7

State and local

302 446 310 298 321 342 1.6 2.3 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8

State and local education

140 290 161 127 164 182 1.5 2.8 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.8

State and local, excluding education

163 156 149 171 157 160 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

937 1,015 972 1,033 1,034 1,026 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8

South

2,458 2,635 2,659 2,662 2,636 2,732 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0

Midwest

1,316 1,581 1,349 1,365 1,349 1,381 4.3 5.0 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.3

West

1,309 1,530 1,518 1,485 1,486 1,557 3.9 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

5,744 5,792 6,032 6,147 5,891 6,273 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,305 5,535 5,735 5,821 5,538 5,926 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.7

Mining and logging

20 18 19 16 22 21 3.3 2.7 2.9 2.5 3.4 3.3

Construction

362 383 384 321 340 403 4.9 5.2 5.2 4.3 4.5 5.4

Manufacturing

367 436 444 452 420 420 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.3

Durable goods

206 231 248 243 232 244 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.1

Nondurable goods

161 204 196 209 188 176 3.5 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.0 3.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,123 1,275 1,381 1,282 1,257 1,320 4.2 4.7 5.0 4.6 4.5 4.8

Wholesale trade

143 162 200 167 158 172 2.5 2.8 3.5 2.9 2.7 3.0

Retail trade

735 888 959 861 866 882 4.9 5.8 6.2 5.6 5.6 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

245 226 223 255 233 266 3.9 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.6 4.1

Information

79 79 80 97 101 95 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.4

Financial activities

199 206 196 267 187 224 2.3 2.3 2.2 3.0 2.1 2.5

Finance and insurance

133 134 128 207 117 150 2.0 2.0 2.0 3.2 1.8 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

66 73 67 59 70 74 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.6 3.0 3.2

Professional and business services

1,123 1,193 1,126 1,134 1,120 1,168 5.5 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.5

Education and health services

690 696 742 806 783 836 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.5

Educational services

89 69 71 89 88 90 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.5 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

600 627 672 717 694 746 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,134 1,009 1,180 1,158 1,067 1,206 8.3 6.6 7.7 7.5 6.9 7.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

102 124 120 167 149 158 5.6 6.0 5.6 7.6 6.7 7.1

Accommodation and food services

1,032 885 1,060 992 918 1,048 8.7 6.7 8.1 7.5 6.9 7.8

Other services

209 240 181 288 241 233 3.8 4.2 3.2 5.0 4.2 4.0

Government

439 258 297 326 353 347 2.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6

Federal

134 40 43 45 48 39 4.6 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.4

State and local

305 217 255 281 305 308 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6

State and local education

150 69 125 149 145 144 1.6 0.7 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education

155 149 130 132 160 164 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

904 918 888 922 930 1,021 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.8

South

2,176 2,269 2,370 2,476 2,389 2,547 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.7

Midwest

1,308 1,305 1,401 1,381 1,242 1,350 4.2 4.1 4.4 4.3 3.9 4.2

West

1,355 1,300 1,374 1,367 1,330 1,356 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.9

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

3,296 4,028 4,270 4,362 4,157 4,527 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,113 3,872 4,087 4,166 3,945 4,311 2.6 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.4

Mining and logging

12 9 10 9 14 13 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.4 2.1 2.0

Construction

163 198 192 192 191 207 2.2 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7

Manufacturing

235 300 312 324 298 293 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.3

Durable goods

129 154 170 172 163 167 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods

106 146 141 152 135 126 2.3 3.1 3.0 3.2 2.8 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

752 954 1,041 976 953 996 2.8 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.6

Wholesale trade

75 129 158 126 117 132 1.3 2.3 2.8 2.2 2.0 2.3

Retail trade

540 682 730 686 691 686 3.6 4.4 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

137 143 153 164 145 178 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.7

Information

40 50 43 49 54 54 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.0

Financial activities

124 133 126 150 113 154 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.7

Finance and insurance

82 79 85 113 66 95 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.0 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

42 54 41 37 47 59 1.9 2.4 1.8 1.6 2.0 2.5

Professional and business services

592 697 701 719 730 798 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.7

Education and health services

446 582 597 625 606 660 1.9 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.8

Educational services

46 50 44 63 60 62 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.7

Health care and social assistance

400 532 552 562 546 598 2.0 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

622 807 934 955 840 1,002 4.6 5.3 6.1 6.2 5.4 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

56 72 68 117 79 82 3.1 3.4 3.2 5.3 3.6 3.7

Accommodation and food services

566 735 867 838 761 920 4.8 5.6 6.6 6.4 5.7 6.9

Other services

126 142 132 167 146 134 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.9 2.5 2.3

Government

183 157 183 196 212 216 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

Federal

24 19 20 22 23 21 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

State and local

159 137 163 174 188 195 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

State and local education

81 45 77 92 88 87 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9

State and local, excluding education

78 92 86 82 101 108 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

466 589 619 616 611 670 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.5

South

1,445 1,596 1,706 1,805 1,723 1,898 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.5

Midwest

709 921 1,024 949 888 999 2.3 2.9 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.1

West

676 921 921 992 936 960 2.0 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

2,123 1,423 1,385 1,396 1,350 1,369 1.5 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,930 1,368 1,330 1,333 1,283 1,308 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging

7 7 8 5 7 7 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.0 1.1

Construction

189 167 168 113 132 181 2.6 2.2 2.3 1.5 1.8 2.4

Manufacturing

110 118 104 105 99 99 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Durable goods

62 67 60 59 53 59 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8

Nondurable goods

47 51 44 47 45 40 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

327 267 271 246 252 261 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9

Wholesale trade

61 27 31 32 36 34 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6

Retail trade

174 167 186 145 146 151 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

92 73 54 70 70 76 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2

Information

33 26 25 38 37 30 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.1

Financial activities

54 47 44 47 37 34 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance

36 30 24 30 20 19 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

18 17 20 17 17 14 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

Professional and business services

449 404 347 359 318 293 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.4

Education and health services

203 75 111 141 130 131 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6

Educational services

38 16 21 21 23 23 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Health care and social assistance

165 59 89 120 107 108 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

485 171 211 177 196 184 3.6 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

44 50 50 46 66 73 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 3.0 3.3

Accommodation and food services

441 121 161 131 130 111 3.7 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.8

Other services

72 88 42 102 76 88 1.3 1.5 0.7 1.8 1.3 1.5

Government

194 55 54 63 67 61 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

98 7 8 10 9 5 3.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local

95 47 46 54 58 56 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

41 17 29 27 30 30 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

54 31 17 27 29 26 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

382 258 205 243 260 270 1.5 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

South

636 541 516 531 505 516 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9

Midwest

527 308 299 346 282 278 1.7 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9

West

578 316 365 276 302 304 1.7 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
July
2021
Aug.
2021
Sept.
2021
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

325 341 378 388 385 377 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

262 295 317 322 311 307 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

1 1 1 2 2 1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Construction

10 18 24 16 18 16 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

22 18 28 23 24 28 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

15 10 18 12 15 18 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

8 8 10 10 9 10 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

44 54 69 60 52 63 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade

6 6 11 9 4 5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

22 38 43 29 30 45 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

16 10 16 22 18 12 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Information

5 3 13 10 10 10 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3

Financial activities

21 27 26 70 37 37 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance

16 25 20 64 32 36 0.2 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

5 2 7 5 6 1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0

Professional and business services

82 92 79 55 72 77 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4

Education and health services

41 38 35 41 47 45 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

5 3 5 5 6 5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance

36 36 30 36 42 39 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

26 32 34 27 31 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 3 2 4 4 3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services

25 29 32 23 27 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services

10 11 8 18 18 10 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2

Government

63 46 60 66 74 70 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

12 14 15 13 16 13 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5

State and local

51 33 46 53 58 57 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

29 7 18 30 27 27 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

22 26 28 23 31 30 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

56 70 64 63 59 81 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

South

95 132 149 140 161 133 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

Midwest

72 75 77 86 72 73 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

West

101 63 88 100 93 91 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

6,311 11,528 9,912 4.2 7.2 6.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,654 10,646 8,997 4.4 7.7 6.6

Mining and logging

15 38 34 2.4 5.5 5.0

Construction

231 453 307 3.0 5.6 3.9

Manufacturing

490 963 818 3.9 7.1 6.1

Durable goods

246 562 510 3.1 6.7 6.1

Nondurable goods

244 401 308 5.0 7.8 6.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,151 2,157 1,865 4.0 7.2 6.2

Wholesale trade

160 336 305 2.8 5.5 5.0

Retail trade

673 1,250 963 4.2 7.5 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

319 571 597 4.7 8.1 8.1

Information

87 186 151 3.2 6.2 5.1

Financial activities

254 493 509 2.8 5.2 5.4

Finance and insurance

198 354 390 2.9 5.1 5.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

55 139 119 2.4 5.6 4.9

Professional and business services

1,151 1,995 1,678 5.3 8.5 7.2

Education and health services

1,261 2,157 1,899 5.1 8.3 7.3

Educational services

95 177 160 2.6 4.5 4.0

Health care and social assistance

1,166 1,980 1,738 5.5 8.9 7.9

Leisure and hospitality

806 1,696 1,341 5.7 9.9 8.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

90 166 132 5.0 7.1 5.9

Accommodation and food services

715 1,530 1,209 5.8 10.3 8.4

Other services

208 508 395 3.7 8.1 6.4

Government

657 882 915 2.9 3.8 3.9

Federal

97 126 158 3.3 4.2 5.2

State and local

559 756 757 2.8 3.8 3.8

State and local education

192 270 280 1.9 2.5 2.6

State and local, excluding education

368 486 476 3.9 5.2 5.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,101 1,882 1,801 4.0 6.5 6.2

South

2,469 4,394 3,713 4.5 7.4 6.3

Midwest

1,373 2,644 2,202 4.2 7.6 6.4

West

1,367 2,608 2,197 3.9 6.9 5.9

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

5,563 6,889 6,245 3.9 4.6 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,275 6,557 5,929 4.3 5.2 4.6

Mining and logging

21 26 16 3.5 4.0 2.5

Construction

302 390 347 4.1 5.1 4.6

Manufacturing

357 485 425 2.9 3.9 3.4

Durable goods

204 272 248 2.7 3.5 3.2

Nondurable goods

152 213 177 3.3 4.5 3.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,565 1,645 1,728 5.7 5.9 6.1

Wholesale trade

129 180 159 2.3 3.1 2.8

Retail trade

880 1,052 1,051 5.7 6.8 6.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

557 413 518 8.7 6.3 7.7

Information

76 155 95 2.9 5.5 3.4

Financial activities

189 234 217 2.2 2.6 2.4

Finance and insurance

127 146 150 1.9 2.2 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

62 88 68 2.8 3.8 2.9

Professional and business services

1,108 1,310 1,211 5.4 6.1 5.6

Education and health services

604 895 701 2.6 3.7 2.9

Educational services

65 107 69 1.8 2.8 1.8

Health care and social assistance

539 787 632 2.7 3.9 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

892 1,166 977 6.6 7.6 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

99 139 122 5.8 6.4 5.8

Accommodation and food services

793 1,027 855 6.8 7.7 6.5

Other services

162 251 211 3.0 4.3 3.6

Government

288 332 316 1.3 1.5 1.4

Federal

68 49 57 2.3 1.7 2.0

State and local

220 284 259 1.2 1.5 1.3

State and local education

88 135 121 0.9 1.3 1.1

State and local, excluding education

132 148 139 1.5 1.7 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

857 1,068 920 3.3 3.9 3.4

South

2,279 2,826 2,560 4.3 5.2 4.6

Midwest

1,235 1,392 1,300 4.0 4.3 4.0

West

1,192 1,603 1,465 3.5 4.6 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

5,116 6,029 5,745 3.6 4.0 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,782 5,657 5,469 3.9 4.5 4.3

Mining and logging

15 23 16 2.5 3.5 2.5

Construction

369 357 417 5.0 4.7 5.5

Manufacturing

328 430 372 2.7 3.4 3.0

Durable goods

172 236 206 2.3 3.0 2.6

Nondurable goods

156 194 166 3.4 4.1 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,037 1,257 1,249 3.8 4.5 4.4

Wholesale trade

122 175 155 2.2 3.0 2.7

Retail trade

697 848 843 4.5 5.5 5.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

218 234 251 3.4 3.6 3.7

Information

66 101 83 2.5 3.6 3.0

Financial activities

167 185 198 1.9 2.1 2.2

Finance and insurance

112 115 135 1.7 1.8 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

55 70 63 2.5 3.0 2.7

Professional and business services

1,034 1,128 1,079 5.0 5.2 5.0

Education and health services

554 764 722 2.4 3.2 3.0

Educational services

56 72 66 1.6 1.9 1.7

Health care and social assistance

498 692 656 2.5 3.4 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

1,028 1,192 1,117 7.7 7.7 7.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

115 207 192 6.8 9.6 9.1

Accommodation and food services

913 985 926 7.8 7.4 7.0

Other services

185 219 217 3.4 3.8 3.8

Government

334 373 276 1.5 1.7 1.2

Federal

133 55 36 4.6 1.9 1.2

State and local

201 317 240 1.1 1.6 1.2

State and local education

68 142 94 0.7 1.4 0.9

State and local, excluding education

133 176 146 1.5 2.0 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

827 941 990 3.1 3.5 3.6

South

1,862 2,430 2,263 3.5 4.4 4.1

Midwest

1,222 1,263 1,250 3.9 3.9 3.9

West

1,205 1,396 1,242 3.6 4.0 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

2,758 4,282 4,044 1.9 2.9 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,626 4,052 3,857 2.2 3.2 3.0

Mining and logging

9 14 10 1.4 2.2 1.6

Construction

135 198 181 1.8 2.6 2.4

Manufacturing

197 302 247 1.6 2.4 2.0

Durable goods

103 164 136 1.4 2.1 1.7

Nondurable goods

95 138 110 2.1 2.9 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

690 989 939 2.5 3.6 3.3

Wholesale trade

58 125 120 1.0 2.2 2.1

Retail trade

501 709 647 3.2 4.6 4.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

131 155 173 2.0 2.4 2.6

Information

35 55 50 1.3 2.0 1.8

Financial activities

106 115 141 1.2 1.3 1.6

Finance and insurance

70 65 87 1.1 1.0 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

36 50 54 1.6 2.1 2.3

Professional and business services

514 768 726 2.5 3.6 3.3

Education and health services

353 609 574 1.5 2.5 2.4

Educational services

30 53 47 0.8 1.4 1.2

Health care and social assistance

323 556 528 1.6 2.8 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

482 865 877 3.6 5.6 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

38 79 67 2.2 3.7 3.2

Accommodation and food services

444 786 810 3.8 5.9 6.1

Other services

104 137 112 1.9 2.4 1.9

Government

132 230 187 0.6 1.0 0.8

Federal

23 27 21 0.8 0.9 0.7

State and local

109 203 167 0.6 1.1 0.9

State and local education

44 97 68 0.4 0.9 0.6

State and local, excluding education

65 106 99 0.7 1.2 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

386 615 602 1.5 2.3 2.2

South

1,205 1,767 1,677 2.3 3.2 3.0

Midwest

604 909 886 1.9 2.8 2.7

West

563 991 879 1.7 2.8 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

2,102 1,373 1,389 1.5 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,937 1,296 1,346 1.6 1.0 1.1

Mining and logging

5 6 5 0.9 1.0 0.7

Construction

224 141 221 3.0 1.8 2.9

Manufacturing

114 106 101 0.9 0.9 0.8

Durable goods

58 58 54 0.8 0.7 0.7

Nondurable goods

56 49 46 1.2 1.0 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

307 221 251 1.1 0.8 0.9

Wholesale trade

58 45 32 1.0 0.8 0.6

Retail trade

177 117 152 1.1 0.8 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

72 60 67 1.1 0.9 1.0

Information

28 38 26 1.1 1.4 0.9

Financial activities

44 32 20 0.5 0.4 0.2

Finance and insurance

31 16 12 0.5 0.2 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

13 17 8 0.6 0.7 0.4

Professional and business services

448 283 288 2.2 1.3 1.3

Education and health services

171 115 114 0.7 0.5 0.5

Educational services

23 14 16 0.7 0.4 0.4

Health care and social assistance

148 101 98 0.7 0.5 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

521 294 224 3.9 1.9 1.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 124 120 4.4 5.7 5.7

Accommodation and food services

446 170 103 3.8 1.3 0.8

Other services

73 60 97 1.3 1.0 1.7

Government

166 77 43 0.8 0.3 0.2

Federal

100 11 5 3.5 0.4 0.2

State and local

66 66 38 0.3 0.3 0.2

State and local education

14 24 14 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education

52 42 24 0.6 0.5 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

401 269 321 1.5 1.0 1.2

South

576 503 466 1.1 0.9 0.8

Midwest

565 286 310 1.8 0.9 1.0

West

561 314 291 1.7 0.9 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)
Nov.
2020
Oct.
2021
Nov.
2021(p)

Total

256 375 312 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

220 308 266 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

1 2 1 0.1 0.3 0.2

Construction

10 19 15 0.1 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

17 21 24 0.1 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

11 14 16 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

5 7 9 0.1 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

40 47 59 0.1 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade

5 4 4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

19 23 44 0.1 0.1 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

15 20 11 0.2 0.3 0.2

Information

3 8 7 0.1 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

16 38 36 0.2 0.4 0.4

Finance and insurance

12 35 36 0.2 0.5 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

5 4 0 0.2 0.2 0.0

Professional and business services

72 77 65 0.3 0.4 0.3

Education and health services

29 40 34 0.1 0.2 0.1

Educational services

2 4 3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance

27 36 31 0.1 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

25 33 17 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 4 4 0.2 0.2 0.2

Accommodation and food services

23 29 13 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services

7 22 7 0.1 0.4 0.1

Government

36 66 46 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal

10 18 10 0.3 0.6 0.3

State and local

26 49 36 0.1 0.3 0.2

State and local education

11 21 12 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education

15 28 23 0.2 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

39 56 67 0.1 0.2 0.2

South

83 160 119 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest

53 68 54 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

80 91 72 0.2 0.3 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: January 04, 2022